Headaches:

Symptoms:

1. Throbbing or pulsating pain in the head.

2. Sensitivity to light or sound.

3. Nausea or vomiting.

4. Tension in the neck and shoulders.

5. Dizziness.

6. Visual disturbances.

Diagnosis:

1. Medical History: Your doctor may ask about your headache history, triggers, and accompanying symptoms.

2. Physical Examination: Examination of the head, neck, and neurological function.

3. Imaging: In some cases, imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs may be recommended.

Treatment:

1. Pain Relief Medications:

   - Over-the-counter pain relievers (acetaminophen, ibuprofen).

   - Prescription medications for more severe headaches.

2. Lifestyle Modifications:

   - Adequate sleep.

   - Stress management.

   - Regular exercise.

   - Hydration.

3. Preventive Medications:

   - Prescribed for chronic or severe headaches.

   - Examples include beta-blockers, anticonvulsants, or tricyclic antidepressants.

Types of Diseases and Medicines:

1. Migraine:

   - Triptans: Constrict blood vessels and block pain pathways.

   - Ergotamine: Constricts blood vessels and affects certain nerve pathways.

2. Tension-Type Headache:

   - Over-the-counter pain relievers.

   - Muscle relaxants in some cases.

3. Cluster Headache:

   - High-flow oxygen therapy.

   - Triptans.

   - Calcium channel blockers.

4. Medication Overuse Headache (MOH):

   - Withdrawal of overused medications.

   - Transition to preventive treatments.

Disclaimer:

Consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication. This information is for general knowledge only and should not be considered medical advice.